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Knowledge Centre > Sample 5 bus system for Load Flow |
Reference
Computer Methods in Power System Analysis
By Glenn W Stagg & Ahmed H. El-Abiad
5 bus sample system
Ref. Figure 8.8,
Page No. : 284
Publication : McGRAW-HILL
Problem Definition :
Figure shows a single line diagram of a 5 bus system with two generating units, seven lines. Per-unit transmission line series impedances and shunt susceptances are given on 100 MVA base in table 1.1. Real power generation, real and reactive power loads in MW and MVAR are given in table 1.2.
With bus 1 as slack, use the following methods to obtain a load flow solution:
- Gauss-Siedel using Y-bus, with acceleration factors of 1.4 and tolerances of 0.0001 and 0.0001 per unit for the real and imaginary components of voltage.
- Newton-Raphson using Ybus, with tolerance of 0.01 per unit for the real and reactive bus powers.
System frequency is 60 Hz.
Impedances and line charging for the sample system
| Table : 8.2 |
Bus code
From – To |
Impedance
R+jX |
Line charging
B/2 |
1-2 |
0.02+j0.06 |
0.0+j0.030 |
| 1-3 |
0.08+j0.24 |
0.0+j0.025 |
| 2-3 |
0.06+j0.18 |
0.0+j0.02 |
| 2-4 |
0.06+j0.18 |
0.0+j0.02 |
| 2-5 |
0.04+j0.12 |
0.0+j0.015 |
| 3-4 |
0.01+j0.03 |
0.0+j0.010 |
| 4-5 |
0.08+j0.24 |
0.0+j0.025 |
Scheduled generation and loads and assumed bus voltages for sample system
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Bus
No |
Bus Voltage |
Generation
MW |
Generation MVAR |
Load
MW |
Load
MVAR |
1 |
1.06+j0.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1.00+j0.0 |
40 |
30 |
20 |
10 |
3 |
1.00+j0.0 |
0 |
0 |
45 |
15 |
4 |
1.00+j0.0 |
0 |
0 |
40 |
5 |
5 |
1.00+j0.0 |
0 |
0 |
60 |
10 |
| Calculated line flows for sample system : Table 8.9 |
Bus Code |
Line flows in Megawatts |
Line flows in Megavars |
1-2 |
88.8 |
-8.6 |
1-3 |
40.7 |
1.1 |
2-1 |
-87.4 |
6.2 |
2-3 |
24.7 |
3.5 |
2-4 |
27.9 |
3.0 |
2-5 |
54.8 |
7.4 |
3-1 |
-39.5 |
-3.0 |
3-2 |
-24.3 |
-6.8 |
3-4 |
18.9 |
-5.1 |
4-2 |
-27.5 |
-5.9 |
4-3 |
-18.9 |
3.2 |
4-5 |
6.3 |
-2.3 |
5-2 |
-53.7 |
-7.2 |
5-4 |
-6.3 |
-2.8 |
| Table 8.7 : Bus voltages from Gauss-Seidel iterative solution using Ybus |
Bus code |
Bus-Voltages |
Bus 2 |
1.04623-j0.05126 |
Bus 3 |
1.02036-j0.08917 |
Bus 4 |
1.01920-j0.09504 |
Bus 5 |
1.01211-j0.10904 |
| Table 8.11: Bus voltages from Newton-Raphson solution using Ybus |
Bus code |
Bus-Voltages |
Bus 2 |
1.04629-j0.05128 |
Bus 3 |
1.02043-j0.08922 |
Bus 4 |
1.01930-j0.09508 |
Bus 5 |
1.01228-j0.10909 |
Base SLD made using MiPower
Input Data File Generated by MiPower
SLD with Load Flow Analysis Results
Load flow results obtained from Gauss-Seidel Method
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